LIDAR RESEARCHER: Dr. Xinzhao Chu, Dr. Martin J. Jarvis
RESEARCH ASSOCIATES: Dr. Chester S. Gardner, Dr. Patrick J.
Espy, Dr. Mark A. Clilverd
MAILING ADDRESS: University of Illinois, 1308 West Main Street,
Urbana, IL 61801
TELEPHONE NUMBER: 217-333-3172
FAX NUMBER: 217-333-4303
E-MAIL ADDRESS: xchu@uiuc.edu
WEB SITE: http://eosl.csl.uiuc.edu/
DATE: November 2, 2003
LIDAR LOCATION (CITY, COUNTRY, LAT., LONG.):
Rothera, Antarctica (67.5 ° S, 68.0 ° W)
SITE ELEVATION: 15 m
PARAMETER(S) OR CONSTITUENT(S) MEASURED: Thermal structure (30-115
km), polar mesospheric clouds, mesospheric Fe layer, and gravity
waves
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES: Middle atmosphere thermal structure, characteristics
and geographic differences of polar mesospheric clouds, atmospheric
dynamics, and mesospheric Fe chemistry
SPONSOR: British Antarctic Survey (BAS) and NSF
MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE: Fe Boltzmann temperature lidar based
on a twin injection-seeded solid-state Alexandrite lasers
MEASUREMENT RANGE: 30-120 km
VERTICAL RESOLUTION: 48 meter
FREQ. OF MEASUREMENT (TYPICALLY): daily routine observations,
year round, weather permits
MEASUREMENT TIMES (TYPICALLY): 2.5-5 minutes integration time
for each profile, both daytime and nighttime observations
LASER TYPE AND WAVELENGTH (s): Twin injection-seeded frequency-doubled
Alexandrite lasers (Light Age PAL 101) working at 372.099 nm
and 373.819 nm. The injection seeder lasers are two external
cavity diode lasers (EOSI 2010) working at fundamental wavelengths
of 744.1990 nm and 747.6390 nm.
LASER ENERGY/PULSE: 100 mJ per pulse
PULSE REPETITION RATE: 33 Hz
RECEIVER SIZE AND CONFIGURATION: 40.6-cm diameter, Schmidt-Cassegrain
telescope
DETECTORS USED: EMI 9214QB PMT
SIGNAL PROCESSING: photon counting
ANALOG-To-DIGITAL CONVERTER: Phillips Scientific 300 MHz discriminator
and SR430 multichannel scaler
COMPUTER: Pentium III
PLATFORM (if applicable):
PUBLICATIONS (5 recent and/or significant):
Chu, X., W. Pan, G. Papen, C. S. Gardner, G. Swenson, and P.
Jenniskens, Characteristics of Fe ablation trails observed during
the 1998 Leonid meteor shower, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 1807-1810,
2000.
Gardner, C. S., G. C. Papen, X. Chu, and W. Pan, First lidar
observations of middle atmosphere temperatures, Fe densities,
and polar mesospheric clouds over the North and South Poles, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 28 , 1199-1202, 2001.
Chu, X., W. Pan, G. C. Papen, C. S. Gardner, and J. A. Gelbwachs,
Fe Boltzmann temperature lidar: design, error analysis, and initial
results at the North and South Poles, Appl. Opt., 41, 4400-4410,
2002.
Pan, W., C. S. Gardner, and R. G. Roble, The temperature structure
of the winter atmosphere at South Pole, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
29, 10.1029/2002GL015288, 2002.
Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, and R. G. Roble, Lidar studies of interannual,
seasonal, and diurnal variations of polar mesospheric clouds
at the South Pole, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (D8), 8447,
doi:10.1029/2002JD002524, 2003.
Pan, W., and C. S. Gardner, Seasonal variations of the atmospheric
temperature structure from 3 to 110 km at South Pole, J.
Geophys. Res., 108 (D18), 4564, doi: 10.1029/2002JD003217,
2003.
Chu, X., G. J. Nott, P. J. Espy, C. S.
Gardner, J. C. Diettrich, M. A. Clilverd, and M. J. Jarvis,
Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds at Rothera,
Antarctica (67.5 ° S, 68.0 ° W), Geophys.
Res. Lett. , in press, 2003.
COMMENTS: The UIUC Fe Boltzmann temperature lidar was formerly
deployed on the NSF/NCAR Electra aircraft and observed Leonid
meteor trails over Okinawa during the 1998 Leonid meteor shower
Airborne Multi-instrument Campaign sponsored by NASA. In June
and July 1999, this Fe lidar was again deployed on the NSF/NCAR
Electra aircraft and made observations over the north polar cap
during the Arctic Mesopause Temperature Study campaign sponsored
by NSF. In November 1999, the Fe Boltzmann temperature lidar
was installed at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station and then
made two-year ground-based observations at the South Pole, sponsored
by NSF. The current lidar observation at Rothera is sponsored
by the British Antarctic Survey.
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